Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Last test of the year - Essay Example In any case, as displayed by the Abu Daoud episode, this sort of collaboration doesn't generally work. Two-sided understandings like removal settlements don't generally guarantee universal collaboration particularly when countries included are increasingly purpose about securing their inclinations with different countries. 2. Weapon of the Weak. This is the longshot see about fear based oppression. The denied and misused longshots see psychological warfare if all else fails, as a methods for them to retaliate against their oppressors and against people with great influence. As a weapon of the powerless, the longshots accept that they are battling for equity, and they are not worried about the conceivable issue that their activities may bring. For the dark horses, fear based oppression is their method of battling for their opportunity from abuse and hardship. They see savagery as an important malevolence, as a way to legitimize their ethical finishes. Due to these ethical finishes, they opine that brutality and fear based oppression ought not be contained. 3. Fare Administration Act. The Export Administration Act is the law passed by the United States which approved the Secretary of State to assign and recognize those nations which have upheld and supported worldwide fear mongering. This demonstration systematized trade controls and preclusions on military deals. It likewise forestalled remote help for nations on the rundown. This demonstration had the option to recognize and assign the accompanying states, among others, as psychological militant supporters: North Korea, Sudan, Cuba, and the Taliban gathering. Through the demonstration, the accompanying exercises can arrange states as fear mongering supports: making deadly materials; giving strategic help to psychological oppressors; giving headquarter offices, safe houses, arranging, preparing, cash, documentation, and asylum from removal or indictment. 4. Blended inspirations. Blended inspirations emerge when pioneers in the state have unique and clashing thought processes. For instance, during the Kenyan War,

Organizational Behavior Concepts Essay

Association conduct ideas are the investigation and recognizable proof of the board exercises and techniques that give representative viability through comprehension of the perplexing idea of individual, gathering and association process. Association practices idea draws from assortment of orders including brain science and humanism to clarify the practices of individuals in the organization. Along these lines ideas are strategies or equations followed to administer the individual or gathering profitability of the organization and the viability of initiative in an association. Since more organizations are seeing how to robotize and improve their administrations, they are making self-administrations open doors for representatives and smoothing out application based procedure so as supervisors can concentrate on key issues while playing out their undertaking. This has realized an extraordinary accomplishment to programming organizations for the ascent sought after of their items and administrations. IBM being a Worlds chief single source supplier for multi-seller IT arrangements has an extraordinary achievement that urged progressively arranged idea to improve the organization meet its objective and purchasers need. Human asset rehearses Human asset the executives has gotten one of the most significant parts of running an organization. It has been understood that having a capable and a persuaded workforce can enable an organization to make an upper hand which different organizations may discover hard to duplicate in the market. Thusly there is requirement for the organization to make strong stride so as to address issue of employing and holding a skillful work power. It will start by changing the style of initiative from the definitive standard so as to give the laborers more opportunity to settle on their own choice in accordance with the activity of the association. In any case, them most significant thing is for the association to concoct a human asset plan that will be coordinated in the general development technique. A key human asset plan will characterize issue on employing, holding, preparing and improvement of the workforce so as to keep up a serious workforce. As indicated by the celebrated McGregor’s hypothesis x and y, in x troughs accept laborers are languid and unreliable and require consistent management and outer inspiration to accomplish authoritative objectives. The hypothesis y administrators accept laborers need to work and can direct and control themselves. In pushing for hypothesis y, directors who permit open doors for singular test and activity and who support investment would accomplish unrivaled execution. (Glyn 1999) Through the years, IBM has reliably rehearsed and underlined the advancement of human connection to accomplish singular objectives. Through training, The Company has figured out how to accomplish outstanding accomplishments in fascination of new and holding current clients. IBM has given an incredible thought in reinforcing connection between the clients and the organization which have achieved an extraordinary development in deals both locally and universally. IBM has an arranged technique to be trailed by pioneers and representatives that stays away from contrasts in understanding of issues and thoughts that may support the connection between them. The set principles oversee all issues tending to any human connection in the organization in this way setting aside cash and time. The IBM has efficient bureaucratic methodologies which have wiped out fluctuation in result. At the point when new workers are utilized, they come in with various abilities, encounters and objectives, the guidelines themselves are normalized so the staff changes don't disturb the entire company’s human asset the executives. At the point when every individual utilizes individual aptitudes, thoughts and objectives they may not rhyme and this may cause distinction in the board and certainly misconstruing between people or gathering. Along these lines this has been completely placed in to thought and has helped the organization accomplish in the serious market. This have additionally helped the organization position quicker specific aptitudes disposing of numerous emotional decisions by chiefs where rules and guidelines are built up appropriately and have a set strategy to follow to keep away from various people utilizing their standards henceforth causing struggle between the concerned gatherings. This has gone connected at the hip with preparing of pioneers and representatives on the set principles to normalize their exhibition and strengthening human asset division. IBM has at present had the option to accomplish the correct fragment in the market which has made it workable for the organization to enter the standard of the market. This was made conceivable close cooperation between the organization and clients through going into contracts with neighborhood and worldwide organizations raising the requirement for cozy relationship and work together to fill the interest and high deals volume. Inspiration Motivation is the power or stimulus behind conduct and activities. This invigorates conduct and coordinates conduct towards an objective. In IBM, supervisors are constantly expected to make a longing of attempting to representatives by making helpful condition and a preferring climate for working. IBM has been supporting the utilization of fortification by fulfilling. An appealing item or occasion is provided as a result of a specific work done superbly. As indicated by conduct way to deal with inspiration, chiefs have a comprehension of workers inspiration which starts with cautious investigation of motivation and prizes that are available in the organization. These impetuses resemble benefits and cash. Its consistently administrators obligation in IBM to distinguish practices that should be strengthened like exceptional execution, reliability, tidiness and fulfillment of work. The supervisors are consistently aware of notice the ideal conduct happen. Event is constantly joined by fortification. A representative who shows an improved exhibition is remunerated. The guideline is that fortification fortifies conduct and allows that definite conduct to happen once more. In IBM, subjective methodology express that conduct is determiner by over reasoning and not prize or discipline, it is started and managed by mental procedure and not outside occasions. Managers’ job in inspiration is to assist laborers with creating on interest and assist them with creating strategies for scanning for data. In IBM, laborers are prepared to be naturally roused. The social working methodology is an incorporation of psychological and conduct angle. This hypothesis considers inspiration to be a result of two principle powers, singular desires for achievement in an errand and vicarious experience. Singular desire for progress is controlled by close to home viability, individual adequacy is likewise called self proficiency and alludes to individual certainty. The director ought to engage representatives to get equipped in playing out an errand. On the off chance that the empl9oyee realizes that he will prevail with regards to carrying out a responsibility, at that point his inspiration will be high. Vicarious experience comprises the perception of different specialists and looks at execution. On the off chance that the laborer finds that his presentation is poor, he may lose his feeling of capability. In this regard the director should the worker to stay aware of level of execution of different representatives so inspiration is featured. In spite of the fact that characteristic inspiration originates from the specialist, is alluded to as self image contribution. This outcomes from representatives distinguishing proof with wanted objective. The worker is completely engaged with learning an errand. Directors task is to engage the worker to relate to that work if the requirement for certainty is made. Capability implies capacity to perform) Ability to ace each an errand additionally mean intensity. In an assignment each representative wants to perform certainly in a company’s task. Managers’ job is to find how to enable the worker to accomplish. In IBM organization directors help the representative by furnishing them with chance to get skilled and help them to dodge disappointment. They accomplish this by giving them an undertaking that they are mentally equipped for accomplishing. At the point when a representative is fruitful in playing out an errand, his self idea is improved and this gives extraordinary regard to the organization. In IBM Corporation, inspiration is shown in close to home objectives and that a lot of thought processes are customized relying upon what the organization needs to accomplish. These customized objectives decide singular degree of desire. Because of proceeded with progress, there is consistently a goal to alter and create company’s methodologies that would upgrade better execution for the two chiefs and representatives. Authoritative structure The IBM Corporation has a very much arranged initiative technique which is a significant factor that decides the reasonability of an association activity. Great authority is answerable for development of the association while spontaneous administration is liable for float in an association. Arranging method of initiative, there ought to be a methodology to follow and that will help in deciding the more fragile focuses in the authority in this manner staying away from float. The executives is the most significant factor that decides the feasibility of any association activity. Great administration is liable for development of the association while terrible administrations can be considered answerable for breakdown of associations. The IBM Corporation is as of now being held at emancipate by the sort of administration structure. There are numerous sorts of initiative that are utilized in running associations relying upon the sort of the association. In IBM the legitimate sort of authority in the association has been answerable for a portion of the issues like creation of choice for the association. In such manner unmistakably there is an issue in settling on choice since they are produced using the top and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) must be counseled before any choice is made in spite of the way that there are others in the association who are progressively knowledgeable about this work. Legitimate administration holds the association to the administration and it disheartens advancement since the CEO must be counseled on all

From Collecting Dots to Connecting Dots Using Mind Maps to Improve Memory and Learning - Focus

From Collecting Dots to Connecting Dots Using Mind Maps to Improve Memory and Learning - Focus Mind maps can improve memory and learning by helping students transition from collecting dots to connecting dots.  This postâ€"which was adapted from a talk given by Toni Krasnic at Biggerplate Unplugged 2016â€"examines the importance of learning how to learn. It provides a short overview of principles of memory and learning and effective learning techniques, and demonstrates how students can use mind maps to become more effective learners. You can watch the original talk on YouTube, view it as a mind map presentation, or simply keep reading: The Importance of Learning How to Learn The traditional education paradigm is focused on what students need to learn. Little emphasis, if any, is on training students how to learn. As a result, students focus on  memorizing information (collecting dots), and not on processing information, thinking critically, understanding, and meaningful learning (connecting dots). In a recent publication by Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa, the  authors examined whether students are really learning in college. Their study showed: 45% of college students made no significant improvement in critical thinking, reasoning or written communication skills during their first two years of college. After 4 years, 36% still showed no significant gains in these so-called higher order thinking skills. Key take-away: Teaching students how to learn is as important as teaching content (what to learn) in promoting lifelong learning. Learning and Memory Why do we remember some things and forget others? Memory is a very complex topic, and multiple different models have been developed to explain it. What seems almost certain, though, is that our ability to remember information  indefinitely has a lot to do with how we process that information. According to the well-known  information processing model  there are three key stages of memory: The first stage is sensory memory,  which is the split second encoding of all sensory information. Most of the information, however, is not encoded at all. Only what we pay attention to gets encoded. The second stage is short-term memory (or working memory), which is everything you’re thinking right now. Short-term is limited to around 7 bits of information (which, interestingly, is why phone numbers have 7 digits). It  usually fades within 30 seconds. Long-term memory, the third stage,  is limitless and relatively permanent, although it can also fade over time. To move information to long-term memory, information must be deeply processed (elaborate processing) through meaningful learning. If information is simply repeated (collecting dots), that information is only shallowly processed into memory. On the other hand, if information is given meaning while learning (new information is connected with existing knowledge, which requires thinking), then it is  deeply (elaborately) processed  into long-term memory. Key take-away: To achieve long-term memory, students need to focus on deep processing of information through meaningful learning. Discover online mind mapping! Try MindMeister Learning Strategies that  Improve Memory and Learning In a recent study by Dunlosky et al., the authors reviewed the efficacy of 10 different learning strategies, some of which were already popular with students (such as highlighting and rereading texts) and others  which werent but had some initial evidence of effectiveness. The study found that the most effective learning strategies were practice testing and distributed practice, techniques rarely used by students. Interleaved practice, elaborate interrogation, and self-explanation also showed promise as effective learning strategies, whereas the least effective strategies turned out to be highlighting and rereading. Key take-away: Students need to focus  on effective learning techniques to improve memory and learning. Using Mind Maps to Improve  Memory and Learning Mind maps are diagrams that visually organize and connect concepts. They  provide a number of  key benefits for  learners: Visible thinking: your mind map provides insight into your thinking. Filtering of key information:  it lets you separate key concepts from fluff. Connections, not just concepts: notes are just ramblings until they are connected! Scaffolding of knowledge: breadth and depth. Big picture and details: forest and trees. Analysis and synthesis: breaking down information into parts and combining into a new whole. Individual and collaborative: learn by yourself  or in teams. Flexible: freehand or electronic. These properties  make  the mind map format  ideal as a basis for putting effective study  techniques into practice and thus improve memory and learning. Mind Mapping Best Practices To make use of effective learning techniques with mind maps, consider the following best practices: Connect new information with existing knowledge: this makes use of elaborative interrogation and self-explanation. Connect different types of information, such as textbook, lectures, and practice exams: this makes use of interleaved practice. Build your mind maps over time, such as before class, during class, and after class: this makes use of distributed practice. Test your knowledge by recreating mind maps, hiding branches, and adding notes and attachments: this makes use of practice testing. As you study using mind maps, also consider: Self-assessment to identify gaps (what you don’t know) and correct any false knowledge. Self-reflection on your learning process and mind mapping process. Adjust your learning process and mind mapping process to improve your learning. Key take-away: mind mapping + effective learning techniques = improved memory and learning Getting Started with Mind Maps For a successful start with the mind mapping technique follow these four steps: 1. Begin by exploring some mind maps that others have created. You can find great mind map examples in  MindMeisters public map library, on  Biggerplate (over 120,000 members), and in the  Google+ Mind Mapping Community (over 3,000 members). 2. Next, choose a mind map program  that fits your needs. There are many tools  available, including some that are free. The mind map presentation used in this talk was done in MindMeister. 3. Try mind mapping! Pick a class topic, work project, or even a book, and create your first mind map. You can work alone or in teams with others. 4. Stay motivated and keep mind mapping! Hopefully you’ll find value from mind mapping demonstrated in your improved memory and learning, and grades and performance, which will provide motivation to continue mind mapping. As with everything else, the more you practice mind mapping, the better you’ll become. Learn from others in your mind mapping journey and share your experiences with them! 5. Check out this mind map created by Toni Krasnic that provides an overview of the most effective learning strategies. Mind maps and the mind mapping process can help students significantly improve memory and learning. Give mind mapping a try â€" I’m sure you’ll be glad you did. Improve Memory and Learning Try MindMeister From Collecting Dots to Connecting Dots Using Mind Maps to Improve Memory and Learning - Focus Mind maps can improve memory and learning by helping students transition from collecting dots to connecting dots.  This postâ€"which was adapted from a talk given by Toni Krasnic at Biggerplate Unplugged 2016â€"examines the importance of learning how to learn. It provides a short overview of principles of memory and learning and effective learning techniques, and demonstrates how students can use mind maps to become more effective learners. You can watch the original talk on YouTube, view it as a mind map presentation, or simply keep reading: The Importance of Learning How to Learn The traditional education paradigm is focused on what students need to learn. Little emphasis, if any, is on training students how to learn. As a result, students focus on  memorizing information (collecting dots), and not on processing information, thinking critically, understanding, and meaningful learning (connecting dots). In a recent publication by Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa, the  authors examined whether students are really learning in college. Their study showed: 45% of college students made no significant improvement in critical thinking, reasoning or written communication skills during their first two years of college. After 4 years, 36% still showed no significant gains in these so-called higher order thinking skills. Key take-away: Teaching students how to learn is as important as teaching content (what to learn) in promoting lifelong learning. Learning and Memory Why do we remember some things and forget others? Memory is a very complex topic, and multiple different models have been developed to explain it. What seems almost certain, though, is that our ability to remember information  indefinitely has a lot to do with how we process that information. According to the well-known  information processing model  there are three key stages of memory: The first stage is sensory memory,  which is the split second encoding of all sensory information. Most of the information, however, is not encoded at all. Only what we pay attention to gets encoded. The second stage is short-term memory (or working memory), which is everything you’re thinking right now. Short-term is limited to around 7 bits of information (which, interestingly, is why phone numbers have 7 digits). It  usually fades within 30 seconds. Long-term memory, the third stage,  is limitless and relatively permanent, although it can also fade over time. To move information to long-term memory, information must be deeply processed (elaborate processing) through meaningful learning. If information is simply repeated (collecting dots), that information is only shallowly processed into memory. On the other hand, if information is given meaning while learning (new information is connected with existing knowledge, which requires thinking), then it is  deeply (elaborately) processed  into long-term memory. Key take-away: To achieve long-term memory, students need to focus on deep processing of information through meaningful learning. Discover online mind mapping! Try MindMeister Learning Strategies that  Improve Memory and Learning In a recent study by Dunlosky et al., the authors reviewed the efficacy of 10 different learning strategies, some of which were already popular with students (such as highlighting and rereading texts) and others  which werent but had some initial evidence of effectiveness. The study found that the most effective learning strategies were practice testing and distributed practice, techniques rarely used by students. Interleaved practice, elaborate interrogation, and self-explanation also showed promise as effective learning strategies, whereas the least effective strategies turned out to be highlighting and rereading. Key take-away: Students need to focus  on effective learning techniques to improve memory and learning. Using Mind Maps to Improve  Memory and Learning Mind maps are diagrams that visually organize and connect concepts. They  provide a number of  key benefits for  learners: Visible thinking: your mind map provides insight into your thinking. Filtering of key information:  it lets you separate key concepts from fluff. Connections, not just concepts: notes are just ramblings until they are connected! Scaffolding of knowledge: breadth and depth. Big picture and details: forest and trees. Analysis and synthesis: breaking down information into parts and combining into a new whole. Individual and collaborative: learn by yourself  or in teams. Flexible: freehand or electronic. These properties  make  the mind map format  ideal as a basis for putting effective study  techniques into practice and thus improve memory and learning. Mind Mapping Best Practices To make use of effective learning techniques with mind maps, consider the following best practices: Connect new information with existing knowledge: this makes use of elaborative interrogation and self-explanation. Connect different types of information, such as textbook, lectures, and practice exams: this makes use of interleaved practice. Build your mind maps over time, such as before class, during class, and after class: this makes use of distributed practice. Test your knowledge by recreating mind maps, hiding branches, and adding notes and attachments: this makes use of practice testing. As you study using mind maps, also consider: Self-assessment to identify gaps (what you don’t know) and correct any false knowledge. Self-reflection on your learning process and mind mapping process. Adjust your learning process and mind mapping process to improve your learning. Key take-away: mind mapping + effective learning techniques = improved memory and learning Getting Started with Mind Maps For a successful start with the mind mapping technique follow these four steps: 1. Begin by exploring some mind maps that others have created. You can find great mind map examples in  MindMeisters public map library, on  Biggerplate (over 120,000 members), and in the  Google+ Mind Mapping Community (over 3,000 members). 2. Next, choose a mind map program  that fits your needs. There are many tools  available, including some that are free. The mind map presentation used in this talk was done in MindMeister. 3. Try mind mapping! Pick a class topic, work project, or even a book, and create your first mind map. You can work alone or in teams with others. 4. Stay motivated and keep mind mapping! Hopefully you’ll find value from mind mapping demonstrated in your improved memory and learning, and grades and performance, which will provide motivation to continue mind mapping. As with everything else, the more you practice mind mapping, the better you’ll become. Learn from others in your mind mapping journey and share your experiences with them! 5. Check out this mind map created by Toni Krasnic that provides an overview of the most effective learning strategies. Mind maps and the mind mapping process can help students significantly improve memory and learning. Give mind mapping a try â€" I’m sure you’ll be glad you did. Improve Memory and Learning Try MindMeister

Jane Eyre Literary Analysis - 1323 Words

Passion Fruit: Sweet and Sour Online dating is perhaps the fastest growing industry in this day and age. In 2016, over 50 million people in the United States had signed up for online dating sites, which bring in an annual revenue around 2 billion. As the reach of the internet increases, so does the ability of businesses to find exactly what customers are looking for. Websites such Match.com, Eharmony, and Zoosk boast couples that met on their site and have been together for years, as well as their abilities to find â€Å"the one† just by answering a few questions. With numerous success stories in addition to an international market, love seems guaranteed. However, only 20% of all relationships started online stay committed and successful.†¦show more content†¦Jane initially finds Rochester rude and insensitive, but it is his words that sway her heart, as she believes she has finally found someone who can truly connect with her. During a visit from other wealthy lords and ladies to Thornfield, she compares herself to the rest of the party saying: â€Å"..he is not of their kind, I believe he is of mine...I know I must conceal my sentiments..., I must remember he cannot care much for me, for when I say that I am of his kind, I do not mean that I have force to influence, or his spell to attract; I must, then, repeat continually that we are forever sundered-and yet, while I breathe I think I must love him† (199). Jane has finally found someone who not only understands her mind, but urges it to grow unrestricted, unlike past figures in her life. The passion Rochester and Jane both have for honest, intellectual conversation is what convinces Jane she really does love him. Similarly, Rochester comes to the conclusion he has loved Jane all along. Within minutes of these confessions of passion, Rochester proposes and they are due to marry within the month. The passion both Jane and Rochester feel only grows, and it soon begins to consume them. Rochester wants to â€Å"put a diamond chain round [Jane’s] neck, a circlet on her forehead...clasp bracelets on fine wrists and load fairy-like fingers with rings† (291). He forgets that Jane’s plainness is a cornerstone of her personality, a key component of what makes her so desirable. JaneShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis : Emily, Wuthering Heights, And Jane Eyre924 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis The novels Emma, Wuthering Heights, and Jane Eyre were written by women in the 1800’s. The three writers chose to write and publish their novels under a different name from their own. Emma was written by Jane Austen, and published anonymously in 1815 (Behrens and Rosen 361). Emily Brontà « wrote Wuthering Heights, and was published in 1847 under the name Ellis Bell (Behrens and Rosen 368). The author of Jane Eyre, who was also the sister of Emily Brontà «, was Charlotte Brontà «. 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The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. 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This is best portrayed by a scene in chapter 1 when Jane asks John, â€Å"’What do you want?’†, whereupon John replies, â€Å"’Say, ‘What do you want master Reed?’’† Jane evidently shows a rejection to the claim

Defining Diversity the Evolution of Diversity - 1435 Words

DEFINING DIVERSITY: THE EVOLUTION OF DIVERSITY by Camille Kapoor 1. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS DIVERSITY? The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical ability, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. 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A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Stanford Essay B Samples and How to Avoid It

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Stanford Essay B Samples and How to Avoid It As someone who's frequently contacted by those people who have failed to attain admission to Stanford and need to understand why, I frequently discover that they don't make this selection. You ought to be always ready with suitable homework on the university. Make the most of the simple fact that Stanford is providing you a wide license to envision your future. Essay topics success targets, and be negative effect on the finished outcome of the entrance. The prisoners also don't have any choice except to accept the guards' harassments as they are imprisoned. Many applicants become paralyzed by the notion that you must stick out from a crowd of thousands of other talented, smart individuals. Guard A, before the experiment states that he's pacifist and nonaggressive individual, and can't find a point in time where he'd dehumanize another humanbeing (Zimbardo 741). We aren't always conscious of the force s that ultimately move us. What's more, the essays that follow are most likely to supply comfort, that there's no formula or singular method to craft a prosperous answer. Just because there is no perfect form for your response, there isn't any 1 path to follow to locate your answer. It could likewise be worth it to replicate the experiment on several different cultures, as the very same variables may yield unique results as an immediate implication of culture. If you choose to, it is possible to essentially earn a bullet list of fun me facts if you need to include things like the utmost quantity of content. The Good, the Bad and Stanford Essay B Samples Great People Can Give Bad Advice Moving past the particular essay and short-answer questions, I'd love to tackle a couple myths. Essay suggestions and interact. If you take a close look at any good MBA essay examples which you will come across on the internet you will observe that the standard of writing employed is quite high. This means that we'll admit someone regardless of the application essays if we feel we've gotten a great sense of the individual all around. Some of us are definitely admitted without submitting the extra essay. After editing is finished, your thoughts, voice, and style stay intact. As soon as you have everything else done, you are going to be in a position to look over your application and see what qualities about yourself is missing. I'm pleased with my internet development talent as it permits me to share my creativity with the Earth, while providing others a vehicle to talk about their creativity also. Some betray real nature and passion. Before you submit a paper, check whether it satisfies all criteria required for the maximum grade. Explore our enrollment alternatives and admission outcomes to see whi ch is ideal for you. It's believed to be unscientific because since it's a field experiment, variables can't be controlled and scientific measures might not be followed. What You Should Do to Find Out About Stanford Essay B Samples Before You're Left Behind You're going to be surrounded by writing professionals throughout the plan of order placement, and when you choose to purchase essay and pick an allocated writer, things are likely to get even more exciting. They're experts in various academic disciplines and professional writers at the identical time. These tools and resources will allow you to improve your essay writing skills and get started delivering better content no matter the paper's topic. As our group of writers is pretty big, we always have free writers keen to bring a manageable and well-paid purchase. When you employ the aid of a specialist in the topic's field, you can be positive that you'll receive the maximum grade on your paper. There are lots of on-line resources which can help you better your abilities and begin submitting great papers that will impress your professors. Don't be scared to talk about your ideas as part of creative procedure and remember there's just one approach to reach the desired goals receiving papers which have been meticulously checked, reviewed and proofread. Applicants have a tendency to overthink the supplemental essay topic, often spending an excessive amount of time hoping to work out which admission officers wish to read.

Early Life Experiences and Potential †Free Sample Solution

Question: Explain each of the four components (P-P-C-T) and how they interact to strengthen resilience across the age span of 0 24 years. Identify and include in your discussion one journal article for each component of the bioecological model (P-P-C-T) that demonstrates evidence of how it influences child and youth outcomes. Illustrate your discussion with examples of strengths during childhood that influenced health and well-being outcomes. Answer: The bioecological model is a theoretical model of gene environment interactions in the human development. It was given by Urie BronfenbrennerandStephen J. Ceci. It can be applied to the children and mature adults and it is a lifespan approach to the development. It emphasizes the value of understanding the both side influences from the individuals and the environment. He named the original Bronfenbrenner model as Ecological system theory model (Bronfenbrenner, 2005). With this model he identified the way to understand the development of the individual in context to the environment. He identified four ecological systems as microsystem, mesosystem, macrosystem and ecosystem. He only extended the model than by the addition of the chronosystem which tells how a person and the environment changes with the time. In this the emphasis was made on the processes and the role of the human being. It is known as ProcessPersonContextTime Model and is also the basis of the bioecological model (Urie Bronfenbrenner Morris, 2006). The theory explains the interaction held up between all these four things. In later paragraphs a brief description of PPCT along with examples and literature review are explained in detail. The PPCT concepts are explained below in detail. Process: It is the primary mechanism in the development and is laid with two propositions. The proposition one states that the processes we environment which involves complex progressive and reciprocal interaction between an human individual and the surrounding things like person, objects and symbol that can be said as the environment. Therefore it is required that the interactions should occur regularly with time. This interaction of the biological human with the environment are known as proximal processes. The examples of it are playing with the young ones, child to child activity, reading, learning new activities. The children playing alone or playing with his parents is also a proximal process, as he is gaining some kind of knowledge while playing with his parents (Stewart, 2007). These are said to be the engines of the development that occurs on a regular basis. Proximal processes nature generally varies according to the aspects of the individual and of the context and are both spatial and temporal. The proposition two states that the form, power, content and the direction of all the proximal processes that effects the development varies systematically. This occurs as a joint feature of the developing individual, the environment in which the processes are occurring, including both the immediate and remote; the developmental outcomes nature; social continuity and the changes that occur over the life time and the historical period in which the individual is living. Bronfenbrenner says that both the two propositions are theoretically interdependent and they are subject to empirical testing. Apart from proximal processes, there are distal processes also that have an indirect influence on childs development. These processes includes the familys power to support the child and the interaction with significant other environment to which the child is attached or is a part off like social class, community meetings etc. Person: Bronfenbrenner respected the value of the biological and genetic aspects of the individual. He laid more interest in the personal features and behaviours of an individual in context to social situations. he categorized these characteristics in to three parts: demand, force, and resource. Demand characteristics are known as the personal stimulus features that are in relation to the immediate stimulus to others like colour, age, gender, skin and physical features (Agbenyega, 2010). They are responsible for the initial conversations as they form expectations quickly. The resource characteristics on the other hand not immediately apparent, but however in certain cases they are induced having different level of accuracy as compared to demands. They are associated to the mental and emotional features like that of past experience, intelligence, skill, influences and access to the social and material sources of luxuries like good house, good education, caring parents. The third force charact eristics are the one with difference in temperament, motivation, persistence and likeness. Like for example two boys can have equal resource characteristics like a good house, a good social status, loving parents but there demand characteristics will be always different and their developmental trajectory will also be different like one is motivated to succeed and other is not. In his later writings he tell ones role in changing the context. The changes can be passive like if a person is still living in the same environment as earlier but the reaction and interaction has been low or changed due to hi/her demand characteristics. The change can also be active to most active like the changes in the resource characteristics and force characteristics. Context: It is the best component of the bioecological model and is also the most important of all of them. It is the multiple venues that modify the proximal process and is the environment in which the young one is continuously present, whether it may be social interaction, physical interaction or economic interaction. Like for example in a home meant for care giving if the number of children is less then better and good care can be provided to them which will aid in positive development. Thus as per Bronfenbrenner, the context has four systems microsystem, mesosystem, macrosystem and ecosystem. All these have a indirect influence on the development of the child (Parrila, Ma, Fleming, Rinaldi, 2002). A fifth system name d chronosystem was added later to bring up the value of time as it is associated to the childs development. It involves changes that may internal or that may be external like death or loss of the mother and father. The four systems are explained as below: Microsystem: It is innermost stage and is the one to which the child has a direct contact. This system involves families, friends at school or playschool, day care staff, neighbors etc. It generally comprises the proximal process. It is the most immediate level and lay down a early influence on the mid of young ones. The relation that occurs at this level is bidirectional as the family influences the childs behavior and vice versa (Bergen, 2008).In practicality the process here either proximal or distal are mainly the family atmosphere or home care atmosphere, parenting pattern, social and economic status. The children aged between 0 to 5 years has parenting the crucial proximal process and in case there stay in day cares then that is the proximal process. Mesosystem: It is second level and has microsystem in it. Its focus is on the connection among two or more than two systems like home, play mates school. Like for example the house of the child can be reason of something happening at the school and vice versa. Specifically it can be said that the parents and the school staff environment on the development of a child together makes up a mesosystem. Other places like religious gatherings act as a distal process as they provide the support to the family and the child. Exosystem: It the third level. This does not involves a direct contact with the system but affects the development. It consists of both the microsystem and mesosystem. It also affects the wellbeing of the ones who are in contact with the child. The decisions and policy that are done at a wide level also indirectly influence the child. Like for example the parent workstation and the duration also influences the development of child and are proximal process. Like in some cases a parent who is not attending or meeting the teachers would have low interaction and would adversely effect the development of the child. The school policy meant for a certain religion or ethnic back ground also influences the development of the child. Macrosystem: The outer level is the macrosystem. It influences all the inner layers of the ecosystem. The features of the macrosystem that influence all the other layers are cultural characters, political issues, economic issues (Dowling et al, 2006). Like for example a culture that ha many divorces leads to a single parent child and would affect the child development and also affects the income and the opportunity that are available to the child. Likewise if the parents are form two different countries and live in another country, may have problems with language, lifestyle. This in turns make the life of child unstable and adversely affects the development. Time: This particular concept is about the aspects like chronological age, time duration and the nature of the periodicity. The succession of an event has different degree of influence in the individual. This influence decreases as the time increases. Some events like shifting to a new place, parents sickness, parents divorce can have a harmful impact on the children lives as compared to elders (Voydanoff, 2005). Moving on to the effects on the development of child when all or one of the PPCT components are adversely affecting the child. In some case the proximal or the distal processes cause a adverse or a negative effect on the childs mind and the development. In such cases resilience strategies are to be applied. Resilience is the positive adaptation in the situations when the personal, family or environment difficulties are extremely high that leads to the impairment of the individuals cognitive and functional abilities. There are three kinds of resilience. One is when the individual is not succumb to the adversities in spite of high risk. Second is developing up coping strategy in circumstances of high stress. Third is the individuals who have suffered high trauma. A research was performed to find up the resilience strategies (Malindi, 2011). According to it resilience can be proposed by following these: Strategies for the 0 to4 years Proper maternal nutrition Avoidance of maternal smoking Support to mothers from family and husband Adequate family income High quality education Proper child nutrition Healthy relations between all the members of the family Strategies for middle childhood 5 to 13 years: Classes to provide cultural and community behavior A link between school and home to develop confidence and engagement. Healthy school experiences Healthy relationship between child and teacher and parent and teachers. Developing skills for performing all the tasks Structured and time bound routines daily. Attachment to the relatives or significant others. Provision of breakfast and after school clubs. Participation in decision making and problem solving Strategies for 13 to 19 years High social support and social network (Theron). Presence of one parent who supports unconditionally. A guide or person who is not a family member. Positive and good experiences from school It can be seen that these strategies are related to the PPCT model. If these strategies are followed appropriately at each stage or level of PPCT, then the child development would be enhanced (Woo, 2005). These strategies are to be linked up in the proximal and distal processes to provide full development. Like high support is demanded from all sides to an individual in an adolescent stage through both the proximal and distal processes. Summing up, it can be said that the bioecological theory highlights the stages of the child development and provides with a way to enhance the development of the child at each stage. It tells all about how the environment and family are related and associated to the child directly or indirectly and what impact they put on the child by the activities performed by them solitary or with the individuals. Researches are performed and still going to further enhance the model and aids in childs full development. References Agbenyega, J. (2010) The Australian early development index, who does it measure: Piaget or Vygotskys child? Australian Journal of Early Childhood, 34 (2), 31-38. Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005).Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Ltd. pp.315. Bergen, D. (2008).Human development: traditional and contemporary theories. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p.220. Dowling, E., Osborne, E. (2006). The Family and the School: A Joint Systems Approach to Problems with Children: Second Edition. London: Karnac Books. Malindi, M.J., Theron, L.C., Venter, A. (2011).Understanding youth resilience: findings and results from the International Pathways to Resilience project. Parrila, R. K., Ma, X, Fleming, D., Rinaldi, C. (2002). Development of Prosocial Skills. (Final report), Applied Research Branch, Strategic Policy, Human Resources Development Canada. Stewart, E. B. (2007). Individual and school structural effects on African American high school students academic achievement. High School Journal, 91, 16 34. Urie Bronfenbrenner Morris, P.A. (2006). "The bioecological model of human development".Handbook of Child Psychology(John Wiley Sons, Inc.)1: 793828. Voydanoff, P. (2005). Social integration, work-family conflict and facilitation, and job and marital quality. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67,666 679. Theron, L.C.Bouncing back!How parents, peers andprofessionals enable young people towardsresilience.

How to Add Custom Fonts to Your WordPress Site (3 Methods)

Typography is more important than most people give it credit for. The fonts you use not only impact your website’s presentation, they can also make it stand out from other sites and render your content easier to read. Picking the same fonts as everyone else might be a safe bet, but it can be worth your while to add custom fonts to WordPress.Although WordPress includes a decent variety of font options out of the box, there are plenty of ways to improve on that selection. If you know how to include custom fonts on your website, you’ll be able to pick from thousands of exciting options. This will enable you to find a font that fits your niche and audience.In this article, we’re going to talk about what custom fonts are and where you can find some excellent choices. Then we’ll go over three methods you can use to upload custom fonts to WordPress. Let’s get to it! content management system (CMS) doesn’t include out of the box. There are thousands of custom font options that you can find online, and in general terms, nothing is stopping you from using any of them.Keep in mind, though – the fonts you choose shouldn’t just be aesthetically pleasing. They should also meet some additional criteria:Each font you include should be easy to read.It needs to fit in with the general style of your website and the other fonts you use.Letters should look good at both large and small sizes, since you need to keep mobile responsiveness in mind.Aside from these technical considerations, fonts provide you with an additional way to express your site’s style. They can become a part of your branding, and over time users might come to associate them with your site and business. So youll want to consider your choices very carefully.Where you can find custom fonts for your WordPress siteIf you do a quick search for ‘free fonts’ using any search engine right now, you’ll find hundreds of pages with broad selec tions to pick from:The problem, however, is that a lot of those free font websites don’t tend to have high standards when it comes to curating their selections. You may be able to find some jewels, but in many cases, they’ll also be full of fonts you wouldn’t be caught dead using even if you were working on a 2005 MySpace profile.Fortunately, there are a lot of excellent font repositories that do go to great lengths to curate their collections. One of our favorites is Google Fonts, which offers over 900 font families in several languages, all of them free:Another excellent option is Adobe Fonts  (formerly Typekit), which provides over 1,700 font families to choose from. Keep in mind, though – to access them you’ll need a Creative Cloud subscription (any tier will do). If you’re an Adobe user, that means you already have access to the entire font collection:These two sources alone will give you plenty of options to choose from. Keep in mind when making your selection that each font you choose should fit in with the rest of your site’s style, and be easy to read. Once youve found a few fonts you like, all thats left is to add them to your website.How to add custom fonts to your WordPress site (three methods)When it comes to custom fonts, WordPress provides you with several ways that you can implement the options you want. Let’s go over what each involves, so you can select the method that works best for you.1. Edit your themes fileIf you don’t want to upload font files to your website manually, you can always ‘import’ them from third-party repositories. With Google Fonts, for example, you can open any font page you want and click on Select This Font  at the top of the screen:Once you do that, a new menu will appear that includes two snippets of code. The first one should look like this:link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Robotodisplay=swap" rel="stylesheet"This code sh ould be placed within the head tags of your child theme’s header.php file. You can find this within your theme’s folder in the public_html/wp-content/themes directory.With that line, you’re telling WordPress to import the option you selected from Google Fonts. To use it, though, you’ll also need to open your child theme’s stylesheet and specify which elements should take advantage of your new font. Here’s what that code should look like:font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;Remember, your child theme’s stylesheet should be within the same directory as its header.php file. That means you can take care of both tasks in the same place, and implement new fonts in just a few minutes.2. Upload your fonts file to your themes folderIf you’re all about performance optimization, uploading font files to your website directly can enable you to shave a few milliseconds off your loading times. The first thing you’ll need, of course, is th e font file you want to upload to your server:Since WordPress doesn’t include a dedicated fonts folder, you’ll want to create one using your trusty FTP client. You can add the folder wherever you want, but we recommend placing it within your themes directory so you can keep track of it. Set it up now, and upload your font file to the new folder:Once the file is in place, open up your child theme’s stylesheet. Now you’ll need to call on that font so you can use it, via a snippet that should look like this:@font-face { font-family: New Font; src: url(http://www.yourwebsite.com/wp-content/themes//fonts/your-new-font.ttf); font-weight: normal; }Please note the font family name and URL above are placeholders, which you’ll need to replace with the right information.Once youve entered this code, don’t close your theme’s stylesheet just yet. You still need to configure which elements will use the new font, with some code thats very similar to what we looked at in the last section:.h1 site-title { font-family: "New Font", Arial, sans-serif; }In this example, we’re configuring our H1 subheadings to use the new font. However you can replace that with any other element you want, or multiple elements if youd like to use the font in more than one place.3. Use a pluginAs is often the case, the easiest way to implement new functionality in WordPress is to install a plugin. When it comes to using custom fonts, there are a lot of options to pick from.For example, if you want to use Google Fonts, we recommend the aptly-named Google Fonts for WordPress plugin. After activating this tool, you’ll be able to pick from the entire Google Fonts catalog for your pages and posts, without the need to add any code to your website: Google Fonts Typography Author(s): Custom Fonts Author(s): Brainstorm ForceCurrent Version: 1.2.0Last Updated: October 3, 2019custom-fonts.1.2.0.zip 94%Ratings 232,599Downloads WP 4.4+Requires With this plugin, you get to upload fonts to your website right from the dashboard, and use the Customizer to pick where and when to use them. Either of these plugins makes it a breeze to add new custom fonts to your site.ConclusionIf you pay attention to the fonts that websites use, you’ll notice that many of them stick to the same few tried-and-true choices. Some fonts are pretty safe bet when it comes to readability and user accessibility. However, with thousands of options to choose from – both free and paid – its worth looking for one that also fits your website’s style and audience perfectly.As for how to upload custom fonts to WordPress, you can go about it using three different approaches:Edit your theme’s file.Upload the font’s file to your themes folder.Use a WordPress custom fonts plugin. Want to add custom fonts to #WordPress? Here are 3 easy ways to do it 🅠°Ã¯ ¸  #tutorial Click To Tweet Do you have any questions about what types of fonts you should use on your website? Let’s talk about them in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Free Essays on Technology

Technology today is changing everyday because it is the pinnacle of the future. Everyday new things are coming out that the general public cannot keep up with it sometimes. One of the biggest things that have changed over the years in the classroom has been the access to the Internet and computers. With that addition of the Internet and the computers it has really been changing the way education is being taught. Teaching has changed so much because of the access of the computers and the Internet. Now a teacher’s job can become a little easier because simple things can be done on the computer. For example now teachers can keep there attendance record and even do their grading a lot easier with computers. Once the teacher learns about all the different programs on a computer the sky is the limit. Teachers can use the program PowerPoint to do their lessons to teach their class. I think using a program with pictures and slides helps to make their presentation a lot better and can be easier for children to pick up key aspects because they can see it happening on a slide. For a physical education class a teacher could use PowerPoint to do a presentation on a skill such as throwing a baseball. The teacher could use the slides to show different skills for the class to remember. How I would use technology and the web in the classroom is by doing my presentations. I would use a lot of PowerPoint just because I think it is a great learning tool. Also I would use videos because that way the class can actually see the skill they need to use and see it in motion. With the internet there are so many things a teacher can do. One of the best things I think the Internet provides is idea for teachers. The Internet can help a teacher come up with new things to teach and great lesson ideas. One of the best things for a teacher right now to have is the Internet. One thing that a teacher must remember is that not everyone is good wi... Free Essays on Technology Free Essays on Technology Business is any activity that seeks profit by providing needed goods and services to others. The nature of providing these goods and services has changed drastically throughout the history of time. During the last thirty years of business activity, there has been new ways and means of conducting business through something we call technology. Technology is the advancement and uses of electronic devices and other high-tech equipment to produce and progress knowledge into the future. Today, in 1998, the number one technique of tying business into technology would be the use of the Internet. The Internet is a computer application that connects tens of thousands of interconnected computer networks that include 1.7 million host computers around the world. The basis of connecting all these computers together is by the use of ordinary telephone wires. 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All of this can be gathered in the convenience of a person's home, twenty-four hours a day. A business can be very pleased with the amount of information they can readily have available to publish to... Free Essays on Technology Technology today is changing everyday because it is the pinnacle of the future. Everyday new things are coming out that the general public cannot keep up with it sometimes. One of the biggest things that have changed over the years in the classroom has been the access to the Internet and computers. With that addition of the Internet and the computers it has really been changing the way education is being taught. Teaching has changed so much because of the access of the computers and the Internet. Now a teacher’s job can become a little easier because simple things can be done on the computer. For example now teachers can keep there attendance record and even do their grading a lot easier with computers. Once the teacher learns about all the different programs on a computer the sky is the limit. Teachers can use the program PowerPoint to do their lessons to teach their class. I think using a program with pictures and slides helps to make their presentation a lot better and can be easier for children to pick up key aspects because they can see it happening on a slide. For a physical education class a teacher could use PowerPoint to do a presentation on a skill such as throwing a baseball. The teacher could use the slides to show different skills for the class to remember. How I would use technology and the web in the classroom is by doing my presentations. I would use a lot of PowerPoint just because I think it is a great learning tool. Also I would use videos because that way the class can actually see the skill they need to use and see it in motion. With the internet there are so many things a teacher can do. One of the best things I think the Internet provides is idea for teachers. The Internet can help a teacher come up with new things to teach and great lesson ideas. One of the best things for a teacher right now to have is the Internet. One thing that a teacher must remember is that not everyone is good wi... Free Essays on Technology Technology in today ¡Ã‚ ¦s world plays a big role in many peoples lives in the high tech world we live in today. Making lives easier and more convenient, high technologic inventions are created or invented to better people ¡Ã‚ ¦s lives. High tech researchers are always finding ways to improve daily activities and inventions that were already improved. Computer has changed ways people work, do business, problem solving, research, ways of communication, and the variety of choices people have to find entertainment. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s hard to imagine how the world would be if computers didn ¡Ã‚ ¦t exist. Computers have a tremendous impact on society and will continue to find ways to improve and better people ¡Ã‚ ¦s lives. Electronic computers have been around for over a half a century. In the past, computers were almost only used for military, scientific, and technical purposes. Only a handful of scientist and technicians were the only ones able to use the computer. Computers were used to figure out complex calculations and that were very time consuming for human calculation. Over the years, computers have become more and more of an essential tool in all types of businesses and households around the world. With tools such as the Internet, computers have virtually changed the business do business. Large corporations were forced to use computers, to keep up with the other companies. Traditional ways of learning are slowly but surely changing the way students learn today. Computer tools and programs have proven to improve learning and teaching skills. The computer has turned the world around, and these changes will inspire and bring about other unimaginable changes. Over the last 10 years, the impact c omputers have on society has been enormous. Feature inventions and changes will continuing to overwhelm the world, and are greatly anticipated. From large corporations to small home-based business, computers have altered the ways businesses run in today ¡Ã‚ ¦s w... Free Essays on Technology People very often debate whether technology is good or bad. Many people believe that technology can only cause harm to their lives and society, while many others strongly defend the technologies which have made their lives much more leisureius and enriching than it could have been several hundred years ago. In my opinion, both of these views are correct to an extent, but I also believe that what should be examined is not whether technology in its self is good or bad, but rather how we as humans use the technology we have at hand. For decades now, television has been accused of contributing to the loss of the traditional American family and the destruction of the minds of those who watch it. However, although the TV has been involved in this, the problem roots not with technology but rather the people who choose to let it run their lives. I believe this because it is parents, not TV sets, who choose to let their children sit in front of the television for hours upon hours, and it is the parents who do not intervene and replace TV time with quality family time.... Free Essays on Technology Abstract There is a new place for exploration in regards to relationships; traditionally we meet people on the street, at bars or by other friends. However, since the vast expansion of Internet users, there have risen new ways of interacting and communicating with others. There are places on line that are specifically made to meet people in different context and environments. Some of these areas include instant message engines, chat rooms, and different other Internet based companies, which provide these services. Along with these new technological advances, as with many other things, there are negative outcomes. There has been research done on how these new ways of communication may cause turmoil to a relationships, through the idea of â€Å"Internet Infidelity,?Internet infidelity is defined by Shaw, â€Å"as taking the sexual energy of any sort thoughts, feelings, and behaviors out side a committed sexual relationship in such a way that it damages the relationship, and then pretendi ng that that this drain in energy will affect neither partner or the relationship as long as it remains undercover. (p. 29)?Some individuals discount these acts of interactions on line as â€Å"non-real,?therefore not constituting them as cheating; but through my research and my qualitative inquiries, I have found that â€Å"cyber cheating?may and has caused dire consequences in relationships. Introduction There has always been a concern about cheating with in relationships. However, the risk seems to have increase with the advances of new technologies, such as the Internet and the services it provides in regards to meeting people. The Internet now offers many opportunities to meet people on-line through services such as on-line personal ads, chat rooms, and instant messenger systems. It is reported that, â€Å"national averages indicate that families have wholeheartedly adopted the computer and the Internet access into their homes in relatively short tim... Free Essays on Technology Technology It seems that no matter where you go these days you run into some kind of computer or palm pilot, cell phone or some â€Å"needed† device. People got by for thousands of years without these things but apparently they are needed things today. How many times have you asked someone why they bought a brand new shiny peace of technology and gotten the answer â€Å"I needed one†. When humans first got into technology it was a luxury, helpful at best. Now everyone has some sort of a technical device that he or she considers needed, such as the computer I am writing this on now. Some where along the lines of time these things became â€Å"needed† items instead of luxuries. What could have possibly led us to this point? The possibility’s are endless but let’s explore a couple for giggles. First lets get into convenience. People seem to be getting a little lazier all the time, and in turn use technology to help do what we don’t want to. For example, the car was invented because people didn’t want to walk or ride horses as much and the car is much faster and more efficient. After all, why not just jump in a warm car in winter. Speaking of warm, heaters where probably invented so people would not have to start fires anymore. Heaters are cleaner, faster, and more efficient. The lawnmower was invented so people wouldn’t have to push around those big clunky mowers any more and again, lawnmowers are faster, and yes, more efficient. All of the items mentioned have a couple of similarities. First they all take an activity which you don’t want to do and make it easier. Starting a car is Breen 2 More friendly than getting a horse ready for a ride and turning on the heater is differently easier than starting a fire. The second similarity is that all of the items mentioned are faster and more efficient. You can drive your car all day and night and it will never complain or get tired. If you tried to ride a horse all day an...

Pagan Arabia and Islamic Monotheism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pagan Arabia and Islamic Monotheism - Essay Example The physical world is all that existed, and there was no hereafter and no accompanying punishment or reward. Their concept of man's role in the universe was one of hedonistic indifference toward the weak, economic and emotional greed, as well as abusive powers and control of the marginal members of society. It was a world gone mad. Fortunately, Muhammad was charged with shifting this wicked paradigm. Allah instructed Muhammad to spread the message the Divine Essence was One sovereign Lord over all creation. After this life a Hereafter awaits what ones hand puts before them in this life will be their reward eternally. This life is temporary. Our ultimate existence lies in the hereafter. As such, human beings should act in a way that is fair toward his fellow, protective toward the disenfranchised, and obedient to the One True God. The cosmological characteristics of pre-Islamic Arabia differ starkly from the transcendental features of Muhammad's message. They differ in the basic concept of the divine, the existence and nature of the hereafter, and role of humankind in the universe. Further study would demonstrate how Muhammad's contemporaries diverged from the traditional tribal ethics codified in the Qur'an and Sunnah.

Financial Security in a Persons Retirement Term Paper

Financial Security in a Persons Retirement - Term Paper Example In order to have financial security in our retirement, we need to start saving, keep saving and also stick to our goals. We need to make saving for the retirement a priority. In order to stay focused, we need to know our retirement needs and save towards it. A good starting point is finding out our retirement benefits. Investing for retirement is vital in ensuring safe and enjoyable retirement. Due to uncertainty, the true quality of a person’s retirement actually depends on their planning and planning must begin somewhere (Berk & DeMarzo, 2014). To have a secure retirement one must understand all the necessary factors that are crucial in the realization of the set goal. In saving for retirement individuals must understand the time value of money concept because it influences any financial decision to be made. They need to start saving early enough to increase the worth of the money in the future. It is the idea that money available today is worth more than the same amount in future because of its potential earning capacity (Taillard, 2013). Because money earns interest, any amount of money is often worth more the sooner it is invested. The paper entails computation of the amount to be invested annually to earn $1,000,000 in 30 years and the amount earned at retirement. In addition, it discusses values such as time and the interest rate that can be changed to lower annual deposits while increasing benefits. Besides, it discusses asset allocation among three asset classes, stocks, bonds, and cash. It concludes by looking at the investment objective which in this case is capital appreciation. Further, it discusses investment constraints that affect my asset allocation. In solving the problem, I will use the money purchase method which takes into account annual deposits and actuarial factor that is based on annuity period (time horizon or age) (Berk & DeMarzo, 2014). This method takes into account the time value of money by using present value or ordinary annuityÃ'Ž

Importances of shipping on indian economy

Importances of shipping on indian economy Introduction Shipping has played a huge role in the Indian economy. Geographically, almost half of Indias border is covered with sea. Talking in terms of international trade, the amount of trade done by land and air is very limited. Ninety percent of Indias in terms of volume and seventy seven percent in terms of value are carried by sea. This shows the amount of Indias dependence on shipping. The initial scenario where Indias balance of trade mostly showed higher imports as compared to the exports is now changing. Indias exports as compared to imports have increased to eight six percent in 2001-02 as compared to seventy five percent in 1990-91. In the year 2002 according to the reports of the WTO, India achieved fifteen percent growth rate in exports of merchandise goods which made it second highest in the world. Over 90% of world trade is carried by the international shipping industry. Without shipping the import and export of goods on the scale necessary for the modern world would not be possi ble. There are around 50,000 merchant ships trading internationally, transporting every kind of cargo. The world fleet is registered in over 150 nations, and manned by over a million seafarers of virtually every nationality. Ships are technically sophisticated, high value assets (larger hi-tech vessels can cost over US$150 million to build), and the operation of merchant ships generates an estimated annual income of over US$380 billion in freight rates, representing about 5% of the total global economy. For a countrys economy, the transportation sector is often viewed as an important barometer of growth. As more goods are consumed within a country, the transportation sector must grow accordingly in order to accommodate the transport of additional goods. And as the wheels of commerce turn with ever greater speed, so does the volume of passenger traffic. As a corollary, the location of manufacturing facilities and distribution centres can have a major impact on the growth of a country s transportation sector and transportation infrastructure. The relative location of these manufacturing facilities and distribution centres can dictate whether the country becomes a hub within a logistics network or a spoke in the wheel, serving in effect as a transit corridor. Such matters are of particular importance to emerging economies where transport and logistics infrastructure is in process of rapid development. If we look at the main drivers of Global Trade, they are Profitability i.e. price difference amongst various markets, Risk Spread which reduces the dependencies on one market, Uneven distribution of natural resources, Difference in level of technologies wherein some countries have higher level of technology and some have low, Difference in cost of production because at various places various industrial inputs are comparatively cheaper e.g. labour, electricity, technology, etc. If we closely look at exports, a country exports a particular thing which it may have naturally, for e.g. oil, or which it produces a lot for e.g. wheat, etc. But the more a country exports, the more foreign income it gains especially in the case of developing countries which increases its foreign reserves and ultimately resulting in the countrys more buying power and thus helping it to develop. Thus exports prove to be a boon for a country. If we talk about the total worldwide exports from the year 1980 to 2006, worldwide exports were valued at Year 1980 1990 2002 2004 2006 Value (Bn.$) 1,271 3,303 4,071 8,567 12,083 Countries have to rely on other countries for some goods which it does not have. So to import these goods, a country needs to have foreign exchange and for that a country relies on its exports. Generally a countries balance of trade should always be positive, i.e. its exports should be more than its imports. Thus shipping playing a huge role, the flow of cargos in the ports are huge. All the imports and exports of the whole country are being done by 12 major ports. Thus the movement of cargo in these ports is huge. To add on to this, imports and exports have to go through thorough checks and a lot of documentation. All cargo goods imported into the country or exported out of the country by sea, air, land or rail routes are governed by the provisions of the Customs Act, 1962 and other laws of the country related to entry/ exit from the country. Customs ensures that the import and export of goods are in compliance with the Customs Act and other laws in force. Accordingly, customs procedures are intended to provide definite, predictable methods by which the goods can enter the country and get cleared on payment of applicable import duties, fulfilling the requirements of the law of the land. Thoroughly going through all goods that are to be imported or exported requires great deal of time an d all this results into congestion at ports resulting into slow movement of the cargo and ships. These bottlenecks prove to be harmful for the countrys total international trade. To help remove congestion at ports, Government supports facilities such as C.F.S (Container Freight Stations) which prove to be dramatically useful in removing congestion at ports. The C.F.S helps a lot in reducing the total dwell time of cargo and its associated costs. CFS is a place where containers are stuffed, de-stuffed and aggregation/ segregation of export/import cargo takes place. With the growing volume of international trade, the need for expeditious clearance of goods at the port within the minimum possible time has been gaining importance. This is more so when the ports are facing congestion at their premises. Further, for optimal utilization of existing infrastructure, space, equipment, goods that are landed at ports need to be evacuated straight away without any loss of time. Accordingly the concept of Container Freight Stations (CFS) has grown in importance along with the development and growth of ports. A C.F.S proves to be beneficial for the importer, exporter, the port, and the country itself. It is helpful for the importer in terms that when goods arrive, the importer can directly take his goods to the C.F.S and do all the documentation while hi goods are the C.F.S. This helps him in saving paying penalties in terms of demrage if the clearance of goods takes more time than usual. It helps the exporter in terms that an exporter can stuff his container at the C.F.S premises and thus the container becomes ready to ship as soon as it reaches the port. This can save him from paying extra penalties if the normal stuffing took more time when being stuffed at the port itself. It is helpful for the port because it acts as an extended arm of the port and the regular activities like stuffing and destuffing of containers can be done at the C.F.S. The clearance of goods can be done while the goods are at the C.F.S and all this results into very low congestion at the port which makes the port functions smooth and easy. The vessels can be loaded and unloaded faster, which increases the total turnaround of the port. At present, when Indias total international trade is on boom, if the port can increase its efficiency, then it the total trade can dramatically increase which in turn benefits the country as a whole. Technology plays a huge role. Role of EDI. Exports now account for more than 10% of Indias $ 661 billion economy and the rate it growing continuously. C.F.S The Import Export Procedure. A C.F.S is a common user facility with public authority status equipped with fixed installations and offering services for handling and temporary storage of import/export laden and empty containers carried under customs control and with Customs and other agencies competent to clear goods for home use, warehousing, temporary admissions, re-export, temporary storage for onward transit and outright export. Transshipment of cargo can also take place from such stations. A CFS is an extended arm of Port/ ICD Complex, where import/ export goods are kept till completion of their examination and clearance. The imported goods can be immediately shifted from the port to CFS which also helps in the reduction of port congestion. All the activities related to clearance of goods for home consumption, warehousing, temporary admissions, re-export, temporary storage for onward transit and outright export and transshipments take place from such stations. Therefore, clearance of goods from CFS is an important point of consideration for trade in respect of export/ import Cargo as it is the final Customs contact point. The Main function of CFS is receipt, dispatch and clearance of Containerized Cargo, up-to-date inventory control and tracking system to locate containers/cargo. The goods received at ports are brought to CFS and stacked in CFS after verification of the seal by Customs Officers. C.F.S are bonded and secure areas, strategically located close to containe r ports, where multiple value added activities can be carried out at all stages of the supply chain logistics of containerized freight. These include container stuffing and de-stuffing, re-assembling in factory units machinery and vehicles which have been broken down into kit parts for shipping, goods labelling and packaging, full container handling and storage, temperature controlled storage, bonded storage, long term warehousing, road and rail transport services, cross docking and cargo handling consultancy. C.F.S I.C.D There is a difference between Container Freight Stations (CFS) and Inland Container Depots (ICD). In both the places, the imported goods or export goods are ordinarily kept before clearance by the Customs and where filing of Customs manifests, the same procedure is followed for the bills of entry, shipping bills and other declarations, assessment and all the activities related to clearance of goods for home consumption, warehousing, temporary admissions, re-export, temporary storage for onward transit and outright export, transshipment, etc, take place. Functionally there is no distinction between an ICD/CFS as both are transit facilities, which offer services for containerization of break bulk cargo and vice-versa. These could be served by rail and/ or road transport. An ICD is generally located in the interiors (outside the port towns) of the country away from the servicing ports. CFS, on the other hand, is an off dock facility located near the servicing ports which helps in decong esting the port by shifting cargo and Customs related activities outside the port area. CFSs are largely expected to deal with break-bulk cargo originating/terminating in the immediate hinterland of a port any may also deal with rail borne traffic to and from inland locations. Thus the main difference between the both is their location. A C.F.S would be strategically located near a port. For a C.F.S to get certified, the first major thing it has to do is to locate itself within 200 kilometers radius to a port. Thus if goods are imported, they can directly be taken to a C.F.S within a short period. Whereas in the case of an I.C.D, it does not have any regulations as to its distance from any port. So a person can open an Inland Container Depot in Delhi but cannot open a C.F.S in Delhi. The only difference between them is the clause of C.F.S being close to a port. Functions OF CFSs The primary functions of CFS may be summed up as under: 1. Receipt and dispatch/delivery of cargo. 2. Stuffing and stripping of containers. 3. Transit operations by rail/road to and from serving ports. 4. Customs clearance. 5. Consolidation and desegregation of LCL cargo. 6. Temporary storage of cargo and containers. 7. Reworking of containers. 8. Maintenance and repair of container units. The operations of the ICDs/CFSs revolve around the following centres of activity:- 1. Rail Siding (in case of a rail based terminal) The place where container trains are received, dispatched and handled in a terminal. Similarly, the containers are loaded on and unloaded from rail wagons at the siding through overhead cranes and / or other lifting equipments. 2. Container Yard Container yard occupies the largest area in the ICD.CFS. It is stacking area were the export containers are aggregated prior to dispatch to port, import containers are stored till Customs clearance and where empties await onward movement. Likewise, some stacking areas are earmarked for keeping special containers such as refrigerated, hazardous, overweight/over-length, etc. 3. Warehouse A covered space/shed where export cargo is received and import cargo stored/delivered; containers are stuffed/stripped or reworked; LCL exports are consolidated and import LCLs are unpacked; and cargo is physically examined by Customs. Export and import consignments are generally handled either at separate areas in a warehouse or in different nominated warehouses/sheds. 4. Gate Complex The gate complex regulates the entry and exist of road vehicles carrying cargo and containers through the terminal. It is place where documentation, security and container inspection procedures are undertaken. BENEFITS OF CFSs The main benefits from CFSs 1. Concentration points for long distance cargoes and its unitization. 2. Service as a transit facility. 3. Customs clearance facility available near the centers of production and consumption 4. Reduced level of demurrage and pilferage. 5. No Customs required at gateway ports. 6. Issuance of through bill of lading by shipping lines, hereby resuming full liability of shipments. 7. Reduced overall level of empty container movement. 8. Competitive transport cost. 9. Reduced inventory cost. 10. Increased trade flows. 11. In transit storage in a secure environment Revenue The revenue model of the C.F.S revolve around the following activities * Container HT * Ground Rent * Storage Charges * Empty Container Storage * Other Services. Container HT (Handling Transportation) The container handling and transportation are the charges that are charged by the C.F.S to the importer/exporter. These are the charges with respect to handling and transportation of the container from the port to the C.F.S in case of import and from the C.F.S to the port in case of export. Ground Rent Ground rent is the amount that the C.F.S gets with respect to the number of days a container remains lying at the C.F.S premises. It keeps on increasing with the more number of days the container is lying at the C.F.S. It is earned only in the case of import containers as once the container gets cleared from the C.F.S and gets Out Of Charge, it is the duty of the importer/CHA to get the goods removed from C.F.S whereas in the case of export, once the container is sealed and is ready to export, it is the duty of C.F.S to transport the container to the port. Storage Charges The storage charges include the warehousing charges that are levied upon depending on the nature and the requirement of the goods. For e.g. some goods require covered storage, refrigerated storage, or can be stored in the yard. In case of refrigerated containers, power outlets are provided and charged accordingly. It is earned in both the cases i.e. import as well as export. The goods are stored in the C.F.S premises and is charged accordingly. Empty Container Storage C.F.S also provides the facility of empty container storage for the container leaser company. Once a container is imported, cargo is destuffed and then till the next export consignment is assigned to that particular container, the owner of the container has to take it to some place to store it. He can take it anywhere he wants, for e.g. his own container yard but if it is too far, then he would have to bear huge transportation costs. Instead he could store his empty container in the C.F.S itself and pay its normal empty container rent, and when he receives the next consignment, he can shift his container to that particular C.F.S/ICD or he could even get that consignment in that particular C.F.S itself. If he gets a consignment there itself, then he would have to bear zero transportation cost. Other Services Apart from the above mentioned services, C.F.S provides with services like stuffing/destuffing of containers, charges for custom examination, palletisation, shrink wrapping, repair and maintenance of containers, cleaning the containers, etc. Due to the containers usage, it may get damaged as it is involved in activities like stuffing and destuffing, transportation and handling in the vessel and by road transportation. So it is common for containers to get damaged which involve minor dents to major cracks. These issues are taken care in the C.F.S and are repaired. Many times heavy cargo is loaded in the container which is very solid in nature, to prevent the container taking damage from it, plywood sheets are fixed inside the floor of the container. This is being done at the C.F.S too. THE BILL OF ENTRY The document on the strength of which clearance of imported goods can be effected is known as the Bill of Entry (B/E), the form of which has been standardized by the Central Board of Excise and Customs. The Bill of Entry should be type-written. TYPES OF BILL OF ENTRY All goods discharged from a vessel, from foreign or coastal ports, are cleared on Bills of Entry in the prescribed forms presented under the Bill of Entry Regulations, 1971. * Goods entered for home consumption are cleared on White Bills of Entry. * Goods entered for warehousing are removed into bond on Into Bond Bills of Entry (Yellow Bills of Entry). * Goods cleared ex-bond for home consumption on payment of duty on Ex-Bond Bills or Green Bills of Entry. WHEN TO PRESENT BILL OF ENTRY ? It should be presented for noting in the import department of the Customs House after the Import General Manifest which gives a detailed description item-wise of the goods brought by the concerned vessel is filed by the ships agent. A facility has been afforded to the ships agents to lodge this manifest 14 days in advance prior to arrival of the vessel. This concession has been given to facilitiate the importers Custom House Agent to keep the documents ready so that immediately on arrival of the vessel and landing of the cargo, the same could be cleared on examination and payment of duty thereon without any loss of time. The date of presentation of the Bill of Entry is very important as the rate of duty applicable to the imported goods will be the rate which is in force on the date of presentation. FEATURES OF THE BILL OF ENTRY Salient features of the Bill of Entry which is to be presented for clearance of goods for home consumption are mentioned below : (1) Origin Vessels Particulars: The importer or his Clearing Agent has to give relevant particulars of the origin of the consignments and the vessel e.g. port of Shipment, country of origin (and country consignment if different), vessels name and rotation number and also Bill of Lading date. (2) Particulars of the Goods: In regard to the goods covered by the Bill of Entry, certain basic information has to be furnished by the importer which includes (I) Number and description, as well as marks and numbers of the packages; (ii) weight/volume/or number in so far as quantity is concerned;(iii) Description of the goods imported details to be given separately for each separate class of goods; (iv) Gross weight and total number of packages have also to be given. (3) Value: The importer has also to indicate assessable value in terms of Section 14 of the Customs Act, 1962. For arriving at this assessable value he has also to give further break-up of invoice value, freight, insurance, exchange rate, loading and local agency commission, miscellaneous charges and landing charges (taken into consideration for the assessable value) (4) Duties Leviable: The form has separate columns for indicating Customs tariff heading and exemption notification No. if any applicable. For purposes of contravening duty, there is separate column indicating the value, the rate and amount and the total amount of duty on the goods both in figures and words to be indicated by pin-point typewriter. (5) Codes: For certain statistical purposes (which is the basis of Foreign Trade Statistics), certain code numbers have also to be indicated by the importer while filing the Bill of Entry which include Port Code, Custom House Agent Code, Importer Code, Country of origin/Consignment Code, Unit Code, Currency Code, etc. (6) Declaration of Importers/Clearing Agent: Besides the information of the type referred to above, certain declarations have to be furnished by the importer and his authorized Custom House Clearing Agent wherever the Bill of Entry is processed through a Clearing Agent. Some of these declarations have to be signed by the importer himself. These specifically include declaration about correctness of the contents of the goods described in the Bill of Entry (being in accordance with the invoice and other documents), corrections of the price/value. Declaration whether the goods have been purchased on outright purchase/consignment basis and whether the importer has any connection with the supplier/manufacturer. Importers declarations are furnished and signed by him on the reverse of the Bill of Entry. In cases when an importer clearing his goods through a Custom House Agent, does not have his office at the port, the declarations may be signed by the importers on a separate sheet of paper which may be attached to the reverse of the bill of entry. The Appraiser may make the final assessment after the C.H.A pastes the declaration on the reverse of the Bill of Entry. Bill of Lading The Bill of Lading is the document which proves that the goods are being loaded at the P.O.O (Port Of Origin). In case of imports, the importer has to show the Bill Of Lading which proves that the goods were actually loaded in the vessel. The Bill Of Lading is signed by the master of the ship who represents the vessels owner. The main function of the B/L is that it proves that an actual valid contract is being carried out and that the vessel owner knows about the cargo that is loaded in his vessel. Import Procedure with respect to C.F.S The import procedure for containerized cargo is done in two ways. They are 1. Doc. Destuffing 2. Factory Destuffing Doc. Destuffing In Doc. Destuffing, the destuffing of the containerized cargo happens at the C.F.S premises. * The Importer/Exporter/CHA first submits copies of IGM (Import General Manifest) OBL to the C.F.S authorities along with a request for movement of Imported(Loaded) Containers in advance. * After the arrival of the containers, permission is taken from the AC/DC (Assistant Commissioner/Deputy Commissioner) and then the goods are allowed to be moved to the C.F.S. * Then the C.F.S will arrange for transportation of the Imported Containers from the Customs area in the port. If the container seals are found to be broken, then first the port authorities check it and only after their permission, the goods are allowed to be dispatched from the port to the C.F.S. All the Custom formalities that include the physical examination of goods are then carried out at the C.F.S premises. * After this, the B/E (Bill of Entry) is being filed, the Assessing Officer in appraising group assesses the duty liability, notes any exemption if any and checks whether there are no restrictions on the goods being imported. * Then the containers are destuffed. It is being done in the presence of the Custom Officer after verifying the Container number and the seal number. Then a destuffing sheet is prepared which verifies the cargo in the container with the IGM and it is being signed by the Custom Officer, the Importer/CHA, and the C.F.S representative as a legal proof. * Then the B/E is again presented to the Shed Appraiser for physical examination of the goods. * After destuffing the cargo, the goods will be stacked in the import warehouse or the container yard wherever they are to be kept as per the request of the importer. * Then the importer/CHA pays the duty on the imported goods according to the rate of duty of the goods. If the Importer/CHA fails to pay the duty within 7 days period (from the date of of Bill of Entry to him).The Importer/CHA shall obtain freshchallanof payment of duty along with interest accrued there on. For the dispatch of the goods from the C.F.S, the importer/CHA has to clear all the custom duties and the charges of C.F.S. * After all the payment is made, the Appraiser/Superintendent endorses the Out Of Charge. From here the importer can take his goods from the C.F.S and can have it delivered. He can have the cargo delivered to him loose or can have the cargo loaded in the container while being delivered to him as per his wish. For the cargo to come inside the container, he has to pay extra charges to the owner of the container. * The empty containers arising out of destuffing can be stored in the C.F.S and can taken out once the container owner/container leasing companies produce the proof of export of the container and can thus take their containers to other C.F.S or ICDs for stuffing. Assessing Officer The basic function of the assessing officer in the appraising groups is to determine the duty liability taking due note of any exemptions or benefits claimed under different export promotion schemes. They have also to check whether there are any restrictions or prohibitions on the goods imported and if they require any permission/license/permit etc and if so whether these are forthcoming. Assessment of duty essentially involves proper classification of the goods imported in the customs tariff having due regard to the rules of interpretations, chapter and sections notes etc., and determining the duty liability. It also involves correct determination of value where the goods are assessable on ad valorem basis. The assessing officer has to take note of the invoice and other declarations submitted along with the bill of entry to support the valuation claim, and adjudge whether the transaction value method and the invoice value claimed for the basis of assessment is acceptable. He also ta kes note of the contemporaneous values and other information on valuation available with the Custom House. Cargo not taken by importers After notice to importer and approval of customs for valuation, cargo not removed within 60 days is sold through public auction and proceeds are used to recover costs of auctions, customs duty and companys charges. Factory Destuffing Factory Destuffing is a procedure wherein the importer wants to unload the cargo from the container at his own premises. In this, the container can be brought directly to the importers premises to unload. For factory destuffing, the importer has to take prior permissions from the CEDC and from the port authorities. In this, the procedure is same as to Doc. Destuffing till its being brought to the C.F.S. Once inside the C.F.S, the Custom authorities verify the container seal number. Generally, the seal is not broken here but if the Custom authorities have any doubt, then they can open the container and verify. After this, the container is being transported to the importers premises and can be opened there. But it can be only opened in the presence of a CEDC authority. A CEDC representative personally goes to the importers premises and then only in his presence, the seal is verified and then it is broken. Then destuffing happens and the CEDC personnel signs the destuffing document alon g with the importer. Here the C.F.Ss role is to transport the container from the port to the C.F.S and then all the documentation and the payment of duty is done there and the Seal verification by the Customs is also done there itself. Thus the C.F.S charges the importer accordingly. Various permissions have to be taken by the importer for Factory Destuffing and has a lot of regulations involved in it even when the cargo is being loaded at the port of origin. It is useful for cargo that is delicate, that requires special care when it is loaded/unloaded and gets damaged when frequently shifted. In the case of factory destuffing, the importer after taking prior permissions from the customs, files the line D.O with the port authorities. He has to file the B/E accompanied by all necessary documents including invoice, packing list, bill of lading, import license, declaration under rule 10 of the customs valuation rules 1988, OGL declaration, chartered engineers certificate etc. One separate set of essential documents like invoice, packing list, bill of lading, importer declaration under rule 10 of customs valuation rule 1988 etc. shall be pasted on the reverse of original Bill of Entry. He has to file the Bill of Entry for Home Consumption. Export Procedure with respect to C.F.S * First the exporter files Shipping Bills to the port authorities, and to the C.F.S authorities as well. * The shipping bill is submitted in the system and is marked by the Superintendent(Exports) * After verifying the value of the goods that are being exported, AC/DC call in for the samples that are being exported and if being felt necessary, then they will put those samples to test. * After checking and approval of samples by AC/DC, export documents are to be filed i.e. invoice, packing list, quality certificate, buyers order, etc. to the Noting Clerk and he will then assign a serial number to the Shipping Bill. * Then the Shipping Bill is passes on the Appraiser. The Appraiser notes down the content of goods being exported and if any benefits are to be provided to the exporter under any scheme. For e.g. DEPB. * Then the shipping bill is presented the Examination Officer/Inspector who examines the goods that are to be exported in presence of the CHA/Importer with their packing list. First the loose cargo is brought into the C.F.S and on the receipt of Goods, the Shed in charge records landing certificate on the Shipping Bill itself. * After examining the goods, the Let Export order is given to the shipping line and goods are allowed to be stuffed in the container. * Then cargo is stuffed into the empty containers. The empty containers can be lying inside the C.F.S which could be of any container leaser or can be brought inside the C.F.S. The stuffing of container is known as carting. The carting takes place in the warehouse or the container yard depending upon the nature of cargo. * After the stuffing has taken place in front of the Custom Officer, the container is sealed with Customs One Time Keyless Bottle Seal. This seal is key less and the seal has to be broken to open the container to maintain safety. After this seal has been put on, the container is ready to be exported and the C.F.S arranges for the containers transportation to the port. * On arrival of the container at the port, if the seal is found to be broken, then again the container has to be taken back to the C.F.S and again cargo verification is